How to mount CIFS file system on Linux Operating Server

Step by Step method for Mount CIFS on Linux Server:

➤ In the initial step we will gather all rpm's or packages information which is required for CIFS file system.

[root@localhost]# rpm -qa | grep cifs 

cifs-utils-4.8.1-20.el6.x86_64

if you see the above output, this packages is required for CIFS file system on Linux system. So you can install this rpm using rpm command if you have rpm packages on the server otherwise you will install the packages using YUM utility.

[root@localhost]#rpm -ivh cifs-utils-4.8.1-20.el6.x86_64.rpm

if you are using YUM, then please install the packages using below command.

[root@localhost]#yum install cifs-utils*

it is installed all required dependency related to CIFS file system.

➤ In this step, we will create the mount point on the server where we need to mount the CIFS file system.

[root@localhost]# mkdir -p /backup/cifs

We will create the above mount directory where i will mount the file system.

➤ Now, we will create a CIFS user and assign a password so the user can access mount folder.

[root@localhost]# touch /etc/cifspasswd

[root@localhost]# chmod 600 /etc/cifspasswd

[root@localhost]#vi /etc/cifspasswd

user=castwebsvc

password=*******

➤ In this step we need to make a permanent entry of mounted file system so once we reboot the machine mounted file system not umount.

[root@localhost]# vi /etc/fstab

ADD fstab entry :

//WindowsServer/share /mount/point cifs rw,mand,user=USER,password=PASS 0 0

Example :

//192.168.0.1/CAST_data4/AICCodeUpload  /backup/cifs cifs   rw,mand,credentials=/etc/cifspasswd         0 0

You can take an example for your system. Please change the mount point as per your requirement.

➤ In the final step you need to mount the file system using below command.

[root@localhost]# mount /backup/cifs

[root@localhost]# mount -a

Using above command the CIFS file system has been mounted successfully.

How to configure NTP server and client on Solaris 10 and Solaris 11

As you know NTP ( Network time Protocol) is one of the oldest internet protocol still in use and it allows the synchronization of computer clocks distributing UTC (Coordinated Universal Time) over the network.

NTP Service on Solaris 10 and Solaris 11:

Solaris 10 used the SMF utility (Service Management Facility) and the NTP service is now managed by SMF (Service Management Facility). NTP daemon configured using Service management facility (svc:/network/ntp:default) and a bunch of sample ntp.conf files to quickly configure a machine as a client or as a server. On Solaris 11 only ships with NTP v. 4, the NTP v. 4 service is identified by the name ntp4. You can check the ntp status using below command.

!-[solaris]# svcs status ntp

STATE  STIME   FMRI

online 10:14:23 svc:/network/ntp:default

If you see the above command output it is shown that network time protocol services is enable and online on the server.

Steps for Configuring a NTP client:

Suppose your machine is just a client machine, then you can just take the /etc/inet/ntp.client file and copy it to /etc/inet/ntp.conf.

multicastclient 127.0.0.1

If you see the configuration it's a passive configuration for a Server host which listens for NTP server putting packets on the NTP multicast network, 127.0.0.1. If your machine is on LAN without NTP server then in that case we are not recveied any packet and for this we need to use Public NTP server for host.

In my case, I'm using the Indian pool in.pool.ntp.org and my configuration file contains:

server 2.in.pool.ntp.org

server 1.asia.pool.ntp.org

server 3.asia.pool.ntp.org

Normally NTP requires a poll period to elapse before starting synchronizing your clock. If you want NTP to start immediately, which you most probably will if you're configuring a desktop environment, you can take advantage of iburst keyword, introduced in NTP v. 4: it instructs NTP to start the synchronization almost right away.

server 2.in.pool.ntp.org ibrust

server 1.asia.pool.ntp.org ibrust

server 3.asia.pool.ntp.org ibrust

You must make sure you're configuring NTP implementation corresponding to the syntax you're using.

Setting up the drift file:

The last thing which is remaining for NTP server setup in the client machine is to set up  drift file location. On my machine it is 

driftfile /var/ntp/ntp.drift

After setup the drift file configuration we will start the NTP servivce again 

!-[solaris]# svcadm restart svc:/network/ntp:default

!-[solaris]# svcs status svc:/network/ntp:default

STATE  STIME   FMRI

online 12:20:12 svc:/network/ntp:default 

Once the service is running, you can check which server you're using with ntpq, Please run the below command to check the ntpq.

!-[solaris]# ntpq -p

Setting up an NTP server:

Now in above step you see the NTP service has been started successfully, so now, you'll probably want to setup all of your machines.

If you're in a LAN, you can setup an internal NTP server which will provide data to other clients on your LAN. As before, you can take inspiration from the server configuration file shipped with Solaris 10 or Solaris 11, /etc/inet/ntp.server.

After setting up the drift file and the clients you're going to use, you can examine the other options and fine-tune them at your taste. Let's give a quick look at it.

server 127.127.XType.0

Now you have configured the NTP server properly. Please comment on the post if you have any suggestion.

Solaris – Add/remove network interface to a running zone (dynamic Change)

This will describe how to add a network interface to a running non-global zone, without having to reboot the zone. The new interface will persist between reboots.

First you add the entry to the zone configuration. This is the part that lets it persist between reboots. This is done from the global zone:

!-[solaris]# zonecfg -z sunz01
zonecfg:slabsunz01> add net
zonecfg:slabsunz01:net> set address=XXX.XXX.XX.XXX
zonecfg:slabsunz01:net> set physical=bge0
zonecfg:slabsunz01:net> end
zonecfg:slabsunz01> verify
zonecfg:slabsunz01> commit
zonecfg:slabsunz01> exit

Now we have to manually add a new interface to the running zone. Do this from the global zone as well

!-[solaris]# ifconfig bge0 addif XXX.XXX.XX.XXX netmask XXX.XXX.X.X zone sunz01 up

Created new logical interface bge0:3

Note: The ‘addif’ tells ifconfig to create a logical interface using the next available.

!-[solaris]# ifconfig -a
lo0:1: flags=2001000849 mtu 8232 index 1 inet 127.0.0.1 netmask ff000000
bge0:1: flags=1000843 mtu 1500 index 2 inet XXX.XXX.XX.XXX netmask ffffff00 broadcast XXX.XXX.XX.XXX
bge0:3: flags=1000843 mtu 1500 index 2 inet XXX.XXX.XX.XXX netmask ffffff00 broadcast XXX.XXX.XX.XXX

That's it! you're done.

In case you want to remove the interface -

To remove the interface from a running zone. From the global zone, remove the interface. You must first determine which logical interface [alias] you wish to remove.

!-[solaris]# ifconfig bge0:3 down
!-[solaris]# ifconfig bge0:3 unplumb
!-[solaris]# zonecfg -z sunz01
zonecfg:slabsunz01> remove net address=XXX.XXX.XX.XXX
zonecfg:slabsunz01> commit
zonecfg:slabsunz01> exit

Remotely shutdown Linux & windows machine using shell script

Please find the below script for shutdown the Unix & Windows server remotely.

#!/bin/bash

 SSH=/usr/bin/ssh
 POWERCMD="/sbin/shutdown -h now"
 HOSTS="server1 server2 server3"

 # Shutdown remote machines
 for i in $HOSTS;
 do
   $SSH -l root $i $POWERCMD;
 done

  telnet=/usr/bin/telnet
  POWER="C:\Windows\System32\shutdown.exe \s"
  IP="server1 server2 server3"

  # Shutdown window machine
  for i in $IP;
  do
        $telnet -l administrator $i $POWER;
  done

 # Shutdown ourself
 /sbin/shutdown -h now

ifconfig command not found in centos 7 minimal installation

By default in Centos 7 minimal installation , ifconfig command is not found, so for obtaining this command , first you need to check which packages yum provide for this.

[root@localhost]# yum provides ifconfig

Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Repository 'Packages' is missing name in configuration, using id
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
Packages/filelists_db                                                                                                                              
No matches found

Note: here no packages is installed on the system.

So, using yum we will install the net-tool rpm which is required for ifconfig command

[root@localhost]# yum install net-tools*

Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Repository 'Packages' is missing name in configuration, using id
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package net-tools.x86_64 0:2.0-0.17.20131004git.el7 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

 Package                  Arch           Version                                   Repository                    Size

Installing:
 net-tools                x86_64         2.0-0.17.20131004git.el7         Packages                        304 k

Transaction Summary
========================================================================
Install  1 Package

Total download size: 304 k
Installed size: 917 k
Is this ok [y/d/N]: y
Downloading packages:
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
Installing : net-tools-2.0-0.17.20131004git.el7.x86_64                                                                     1/1
Verifying  : net-tools-2.0-0.17.20131004git.el7.x86_64                                                                    1/1

Installed:
net-tools.x86_64 0:2.0-0.17.20131004git.el7

Complete!

Now run the ifconfig command after successfully installed the packages.

[root@localhost]# ifconfig -a
ens33: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 192.26.12.1  netmask 255.255.0.0  broadcast 192.26.255.255
        inet6 fe80::250:56ff:febf:f6  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>
        ether 00:50:56:bf:00:f6  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 18939  bytes 1251073 (1.1 MiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 433  bytes 63109 (61.6 KiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING>  mtu 65536
        inet 127.0.0.1  netmask 255.0.0.0
        inet6 ::1  prefixlen 128  scopeid 0x10<host>
        loop  txqueuelen 0  (Local Loopback)
        RX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

[root@localhost]# yum provides ifconfig

Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Repository 'Packages' is missing name in configuration, using id
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
net-tools-2.0-0.17.20131004git.el7.x86_64 : Basic networking tools
Repo: @Packages
Matched from:
Filename: /usr/sbin/ifconfig

How to reset or change root password in AIX Operating System

If you forgotten the root password on AIX server, then please follow the below step by step method to recover or reset the root password.
 

➥ You need to insert the operating system same version media disk on cd/dvd rom and power on the AIX machine.
 

➥ When the screen of icons appears, or you hear a double beep sound from hardware of AIX, please press the F1 key repeatedly until the System Management Services menu appears.
 

➥ Select Multi boot option from the SMS (System Management Services) menu
 

➥ Select Install From option from multi boot screen.
 

➥ Select the device (CD rom) that keep the AIX operating system image and then select Install.
 

➥ Select the AIX version icon from the screen menu.
 

➥ Please describe your current system as the system console by pressing the F1 key and then press Enter.
 

➥ In this step you need to select the number of your preferred language and press Enter. In my case I use global language "English".
 

➥ Once you select the language in this step you need to select Start Maintenance Mode for System Recovery by typing 3 and press Enter.
 

➥ In the second last step you can ignore the messages like that "select Access a Root Volume Group".

A message displays explaining that you will not be able to return to the Installation menus without rebooting if you change the root volume group at this point.
 

➥ Please Type 0 and press Enter.

Type the number of the appropriate volume group from the list and press Enter.

Select Access this Volume Group and start a shell by typing 1 and press Enter.

At the # (number sign) prompt, type the passwd command at the command line prompt to reset the root password.

# passwd
Changing password for "root"
root's New password:
Enter the new password again:
 

➥ In the final step , you need to write everything from the buffer to the hard disk and reboot the system.

sync;sync;sync;reboot

When the login screen appears, the password you set in above step 11 should now permit access to root privileges.

How to use zoneadm command in Solaris Servers

Please find the "zoneadm" commands with an example as describe below.
 

➤ How to Verify a Solaris zone:

To verify the local solaris zone you need to run the below command with syntax.

!-[solaris]#zoneadm -z <zone> verify

Example: !-[solaris]#zoneadm -z sunz01 verify

In this example once you run the above command, if your zone is installed properly without any error then this is not showing you any output, that's means it is verified. After running the command if it is showing a message then you need to check the configuration of this zone.

➤ How to Installing a Solaris zone:

To install the local Solaris zone you need to run the below command with syntax.

!-[solaris]#zoneadm -z <zone> install

Example: !-[solaris]#zoneadm -z sunz01 install

In this example when you run the above command then your local zone has been started for installation. It is installed the local zone using the Solaris repostiory or flar images which you are kept at server location.

➤ How to Ready a Solaris zone:

To move the local zone in ready or maintainance state you need to run the below command.

!-[solaris]#zoneadm -z <zone> ready

Example: !-[solaris]#zoneadm -z sunz01 ready

In this example, when we run the above command then your local zone moved in to ready or maintianance state.

➤ How to Boot a Solaris zone:

To boot the solaris zone on global system, you need to run the below command with syantx.

!-[solaris]#zoneadm -z <zone> boot

Example: !-[solaris]#zoneadm -z sunz01 boot

After running the above command your local solaris zone has been boot successfully if it is not showing any error during boot time. If you see any message during the boot time then please check where is the issue.

➤ How to Reboot a Solaris zone:

To reboot or restart the solaris zone on Solaris server, you need to perform the below command on global zone.

!-[solaris]#zoneadm -z <zone> reboot

Example: !-[solaris]#zoneadm -z sunz01 reboot

Using this command the local zone "sunz01" has been restart again successfully. You need to run this command from global zone only.

➤ How to Shutdown/Halt a Solaris zone:

If you want to shutdown or halt your local zone without login it, then you need to run the below command from global zone.

!-[solaris]#zoneadm -z <zone> halt

Example: !-[solaris]#zoneadm -z sunz01 halt

After running this command local solaris zone state change from running to installed state that's means your server is shutdown now.

➤ How to Uninstall a Solaris zone:

If you want to uninstall any solaris zone then you need to run the below command for uninstall the zone.

!-[solaris]#zoneadm -z <zone> uninstall -F

Example: !-[solaris]#zoneadm -z sunz01 uninstall -F

"-F" syntax is used to uninstall the zone forcefully.

➤ How to Viewing a Solaris zone:

if you want to local zone current status and any other display information you need to run the below command.

!-[solaris]#zoneadm list -icv

 ID NAME       STATUS      PATH               BRAND   IP
   0 global         running        /                        solaris      shared
   1 sunz01        running       /zones/sunz01   solaris      excl
   2 sunz02        running       /zones/sunz02   solaris      excl

Using above command you can check the current status of all installed zones on Solaris server. It is show you the zone path and zone information. All the above command you need to run from Global zone with root privileges